The adoration of Sto. Niño in the Philippines predates the arrival of Christianity in the country. Back in 1521, Queen Juana and her husband, King Humabon, underwent baptism in Cebu. In commemoration of this event, Magellan gifted Queen Juana with an image of Sto. Niño. However, Magellan’s demise during the battle of Mactan did not have any further impact on the process of evangelization in Cebu. It was only after a span of 44 years that the Spaniards returned, led by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.
On April 28, 1565, a significant discovery was made – an image of Sto. Niño was unearthed by the individuals. This momentous finding led to the establishment of a feast day, which is now joyously celebrated by the community. The festivities are held in honor of the Most Holy name of the Child Jesus. Throughout the Sinulog festival, participants enthusiastically chant two phrases: “VIVA PIT SENYOR!” and “VIVA SEÑOR SANTO NIÑO!” This tradition has its origins in a specific custom observed during the fiesta, and can be heard resonating through the Basilica during mass or when the traditional Sinulog dancing takes place.
During the Sinulog procession, participants often exclaim this phrase, which can be observed by anyone. Although the significance of this well-known saying is frequently misunderstood, many individuals fail to grasp its meaning despite hearing it repeatedly during the celebration of the feast of Sto. Niño de Cebu. Presented below are its historical, cultural, and biblical interpretations. The term Santo Niño, which translates to “Holy Child” in English, specifically refers to the infant Jesus who was born in Bethlehem. It is a title used to address the child Jesus rather than a religious figure sanctioned by the church. It is important to note that during the commemoration of Sto. Niño, followers do not engage in any form of worship towards the child Jesus. Instead, the focus is on celebrating and remembering His early years and infancy through a festive gathering. This act of remembrance is a genuine display of honor and reverence towards Him. Additionally, Spanish speakers commonly refer to individuals who support them as their patrons. The origin of this word can be traced back to its Latin root patron, which signifies the roles of “protector” and “defender.” Sto Nino holds the esteemed title of patron, as he fulfills the crucial role of safeguarding and defending us.
The focus of the Sto. Nino devotion centers on the early years of Jesus Christ. From the very moment of his birth, individuals have shown reverence and admiration for him. This includes the shepherds and lambs who witnessed the miraculous event of Mary giving birth to Jesus in a humble manger. The Spanish word “Viva,” which translates to “to live,” is used to convey enthusiasm and support. When one exclaims “Viva Señor Santo Niño,” they are essentially shouting “Hurrah for Jesus!” as a way to express their unwavering support for the Holy Child. The term “pit” is derived from the phrase “sangpit,” a Cebuano word that signifies a fervent call to God or a specific individual. Typically employed when visiting a residence where no one is present, “pit” is uttered when the speaker is situated at a distance and unable to identify the recipient of their message. It is essential for the person saying “pit” to have a request, plea, or intention that can be either granted or denied by the recipient. When individuals fervently pray and exclaims “VIVA PIT SENYOR!” in a public setting, they are making a distant appeal.
Rather than approaching God with a request, individuals would humbly express their thoughts. This type of prayer resembles a heartfelt cry, as one looks towards the sky with the hope that God will hear and respond. The Spanish honorific, Senyor or Señor, translates to “Lord.” In the context of children addressing Jesus, they honor Him as their Lord due to His authority over them. The significance of these phrases becomes clear when we enthusiastically shout them during the Sto. Niño feast, specifically the “Sinulog Festival” held on the third Sunday of January. These words serve as a powerful affirmation of our unwavering faith in a divine creator. Jesus, inviting us to become His children, imparts to us the profound message of humility.
The prayers spoken in these phrases are brief yet profound expressions of devotion and trust. As we partake in the festivities, we are extended an opportunity to unite as a congregation through prayer. It is important to note that we are not mere spectators as we observe the dancers and singers; rather, we are being called to embrace a sense of fellowship and spiritual connection with our fellow believers.
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